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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Anonymous, Imperial Hubris: Why the West is Losing the War on Terror (Brassey's Inc., 2004). ISBN: 1574888498 Andrew J. Bacevich, American Empire: The Realities and Consequences of U.S. Diplomacy (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2002). Andrew J. Bacevich, ed., The Imperial Tense: Prospects and Problems of American Empire (Ivan R. Dee, 2003). Andrew J. Bacevich, The New American Militarism: How Americans Are Seduced by War (Oxford University Press, 2005). Roger Burbach and Jim Tarbell, Imperial Overstretch: George W. Bush and the Hubris of Empire (Zed Books, 2004). ISBN: 1842774972 Zbigniew K. Brzezinski, The Choice: Global Domination or Global Leadership? (Basic Books, March 2004) Noam Chomsky, Hegemony or Survival: America's Quest for Global Dominance (The American Empire Project), (Metropolitan Books, November 2003), ISBN: 0805074007 Tim Cornell and John Matthews, Atlas of the Roman World (Oxfordshire, UK: Checkmark Books, 1982). [More than a nice coffee-table book: the text is particularly good on the early Republic and the late Western Empire.] General Wesley Clark, Winning Modern Wars: Iraq, Terrorism, and the American Empire (PublicAffairs, October 2003), ISBN: 1586482181 Michael W. Doyle, Empires (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1986). Arthur M. Eckstein, Mediterranean Anarchy, Interstate War, and the Rise of Rome (University of California Press, 2006). Amitai Etzioni, From Empire to Community: A New Approach to International Relations (Palgrave Macmillan, May 2004) Niall Ferguson, Empire: The Rise and Demise of the British World Order and its Lessons for Global Power (New York: Basic Books, 2003). Niall Ferguson, Colossus: The Price of America's Empire (The Penguin Press, 2004). ISBN: 1594200130 Arther Ferrill, The Fall of the Roman Empire: the Military Explanation (New York: Thames and Hudson, 1986). Jim Garrison, America as Empire: Global Leader or Rogue Power? (Berrett-Koehler Pub, January 2004) ISBN: 157675281X Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri, Empire (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2000). Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri, Multitude: War and Democracy in the Age of Empire (Penguin, 2004) ISBN: 1594200246 Gary Hart and Warren Rudman, New World Coming: American Security in the Twenty-First Century, Phase I Report (US Commission on National Security/21st Century, 1999). Gary Hart, The Fourth Power: An Essay Concerning a Grand Strategy for the United States in the 21st Century (Oxford University Press, July 2004). David Harvey, The New Imperialism (Oxford University Press, 2003). Daniel R. Headrick, The Tools of Empire: Technology and European Imperialism in the Nineteenth Century (New York: Oxford University Press, 1981). Peter Heather, The Fall Of The Roman Empire: A New History of Rome and the Barbarians (Oxford University Press, 2005). ISBN: 0195159543 *Josef Joffe, Überpower: The Imperial Temptation of America (Norton, 2006). ISBN 0393330141. Chalmers Johnson, Blowback: The Costs and Consequences of American Empire (New York: Holt, 2000). Chalmers Johnson, The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism, Secrecy, and the End of the Republic [The American Empire Project] (New York: Metropolitan Books, 2004). Robert D. Kaplan, Imperial Grunts: The American Military on the Ground (New York: Random House, 2005). Paul Kennedy, The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers: Economic Change and Military Conflict from 1500 to 2000 (New York: Vintage Books, 1987). Rashid Khalidi, Resurrecting Empire: Western Footprints and America's Perilous Path in the Middle East (Beacon, 2004). Charles A. Kupchan, The End of the American Era: U.S. Foreign Policy and the Geopolitics of the Twenty-first Century (New York: Knopf, 2002). Dominic Lieven, Empire: The Russian Empire and Its Rivals (New Haven, CT: Yale Univ Press, 2002). See interview with Lieven on the subject of the Habsburg Empire at http://www.fathom.com/feature/122075. ["After a review of Rome and Byzantium, a glance at China, and a rejection of the notion of a U.S. empire, Lieven zeroes in on four historical exemplars: the British, Ottoman, Habsburg, and Russian (both tsarist and Soviet) empires. The two Russian ones engage the lion's share of his attention. He is defensive about the difficulties in defining his subject."] Geir Lundestad’s, ed., The Fall of Great Powers: Stability, Peace and Legitimacy (Oslo: Scandinavian University Press, 1994). Edward N. Luttwak, The Grand Strategy of the Roman Empire: From the First Century A.D. to the Third (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1976). *Michael Mandelbaum, The Case for Goliath:
How America Acts as the World’s Government in the Twenty-First Century
(New York: PublicAffairs, 2006). Philip Matyszak, The Enemies of Rome: From Hannibal to Attila the Hun (Thames & Hudson, 2004). ISBN: 050025124X [NDU Library DG214.5 .M38 2004] Karl E. Meyer, The Dust of Empire: The Race for the Master of the
Asian Heartland, A Century Foundation Book, (Public Affairs, New York,
2003).
Walter Russell Mead, Power, Terror, Peace, and War: America's Grand Strategy in a World at Risk (Knopf, April 2004). Alexander J. Motyl, Imperial Ends: The Decay, Collapse, and Revival
of Empires (New York: Columbia University Press, 2001). *Cullen Murphy, Are We Rome?: The Fall of an Empire and the Fate of America (Houghton Mifflin, 2007). ISBN 0618742220. William Odom and Robert Dujarric, America’s Inadvertent Empire (Yale University Press, 2004). ISBN: 0300100698 Nicholas Ostler, Empires of the Word: A Language History of the World (New York: HarperCollins, 2005). This is primarily about "empire" in a cultural, rather than political sense, but it's not irrelevant to our subject. Joseph S. Nye, The Paradox of American Power: Why the World's Only Superpower Can't Go It Alone (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002). Joseph S. Nye, Soft Power: The Means to Succeed in World Politics (PublicAffairs, March 2004) Clyde Prestowitz [president of the Washington-based Economic Strategy Institute], Rogue Nation: American Unilateralism and the Failure of Good Intentions, (New York: Basic Books, 2003). Peter Rodman, Uneasy Giant: The Challenges to American Predominance (Washington, DC: The Nixon Center, 1999). Nathan Stewart Rosenstein, Imperatores Victi: Military Defeat and Aristocratic Competition in the Middle and Late Republic (University of California Press, 1990). Anne-Marie Slaughter, A New World Order (Princeton University Press, 2004). Jack Snyder, Myths of Empire: Domestic Politics and International Ambition (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1991). Ross Terrill, The New Chinese Empire: And What It Means for the United States (New York: Basic Books, 2003). Emmanuel Todd, Après l’Empire: Essai sur la décomposition du système américain (After the Empire: An Essay on the Breakdown of the American System), Foreign Policy, Winter 2003. (See review below.) Peter Turchin, War and Peace and War: The Life Cycles of Imperial
Nations (Pi Press, 2005). ISBN: 0131499963 Gore Vidal, The Last Empire: Essays, 1992-2000 (New York: Doubleday; 2001). Bryan Ward-Perkins, The Fall Of Rome: And The End Of Civilization (Oxford University Press, 2005). ISBN: 0192805649 Peter H. Wilson, The Holy Roman Empire: 1495-1806 (London: Macmillan Press LTD, 1999).
[unsigned], "POLITICS: Empire Strikes Back," National Journal, 14 December 2002. *Joel Achenbach, "Bet on America: Forget the Doom and Gloom. In 50 Years, We'll Still Be No. 1.," The Washington Post, September 2, 2007, p.B01. Bruce Ackerman, "But What's The Legal Case For Preemption?" The Washington Post, Sunday, August 18, 2002, p.B02. James Atlas, "A Classicist's Legacy: New Empire Builders," The New York Times, May 4, 2003. Andrew J. Bacevich, "New Rome, New Jerusalem." The Wilson Quarterly, Summer 2002. Alvin H. Bernstein, Chapter 3, "The Strategy of a Warrior State: Rome and the Wars Against Carthage, 264-201 B.C.," in Williamson Murray, MacGregor Knox, and Alvin Bernstein, The Making of Strategy: Rulers, States, and War (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994), pp.56-84. Michael Biggs [Department of Sociology, Harvard University], "Putting the State on the Map: Cartography, Territory, and European State Formation," Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 41, no. 2, April 1999, pp. 374-405. Max Boot, "Everything You Think You Know About the American Way of War is Wrong." This essay is based on a talk given to members of the Foreign Policy Research Institute on June 13, 2002, as part of “Summer School at FPRI.” The essay draws on Mr. Boot’s book, The Savage Wars of Peace: Small Wars and the Rise of American Power (Basic Books, 2002). James Chace, "Imperial America and the Common Interest," World Policy Journal, Volume XIX, No1, Winter 2002. Eliot A. Cohen, "History and the Hyperpower," Foreign Affairs, July/August 2004. Frederick Cooper, "Modernizing Colonialism and the Limits of Empire," Items and Issues (published by the Social Science Research Council), Vol.4, No.6 (Fall/Winter 2003/2004), pp.1-9. Clive Crook, "America Is An Empire. It Had Better Start Acting As One," The Atlantic OnLine. [Original article from National Journal, 12 Feb 2003, is HERE.] Thomas Donnelly, "The Past as Prologue: An Imperial Manual," Foreign Affairs, July/August 2002. [This is a review of Max Boot, The Savage Wars of Peace: Small Wars and the Rise of American Power (New York:Basic Books, 2002). Maureen Dowd, "What tips for Rumsfeld from Julius Caesar?,"International Herald Tribune, Thursday, March 6, 2003. Richard M. Ebeling, "An American Empire! If You Want It Instead of Freedom," Freedom Journal (a Libertarian publication), May 2003. Original URL: http://www.fff.org/freedom/fd0305b.asp Niall Ferguson, "Clashing Civilizations or Mad Mullahs: The United States Between Formal and Informal Empire," in Strobe Talbot and Nayan Chanda, eds., The Age of Terror: America and the World After September 11 (New York: Basic Books, 2001). Niall Ferguson, "The True Cost of Hegemony: Huge Debt," The New York Times, April 20, 2003. Niall Ferguson, "Iraq needs long-term Anglo-American control," The Age [Australia], April 25 2003. Niall Ferguson, "The Empire Slinks Back," The New York Times Magazine, April 27, 2003. Niall Ferguson, "An empire in denial: The limits of US imperialism," Harvard International Review, v.25, no.3 (Fall 2003), pp.64-69. Niall Ferguson and Laurence J Kotlikoff, "Going critical: American power and the consequences of fiscal overstretch," The National Interest, v.73 (Fall 2003), pp.22-32. Niall Ferguson, "Hegemony or Empire?" Foreign Affairs, September/October 2003, pp.154-161. A book review: Two Hegemonies: Britain 1846-1914 and the United States 1941-2001 (Patrick Karl O'Brien & Armand Clesse: Aldershot, U.K., Asghate, 2002). Niall Ferguson, “A World Without Power,” Foreign Policy, July/August 2004, issue 143, pp. 32-39. [ABSTRACT: Although the chroniclers of the past have long been preoccupied with the achievements of great powers -- whether civilizations, empires, or nation-states -- they have not wholly overlooked eras when power receded. Unfortunately, the world's experience with power vacuums (eras of "apolarity," if you will) is hardly encouraging. Anyone who dislikes US hegemony should bear in mind that, rather than a multipolar world of competing great powers, a world with no hegemon at all may be the real alternative to US primacy. Apolarity could turn out to mean an anarchic new Dark Age: an era of waning empires and religious fanaticism; of endemic plunder and pillage in the world's forgotten regions; of economic stagnation and civilization's retreat into a few fortified enclaves. The reversal of globalization -- which a new Dark Age would produce -- would certainly lead to economic stagnation and even depression.] Jonathan Freedland, "Rome, AD ... Rome, DC?" The Guardian, Wednesday September 18, 2002. John Lewis Gaddis, A Review of Niall Ferguson, COLOSSUS: The Price of America's Empire (New York: The Penguin Press, 2004), in The New York Times Sunday Book Review, 25 July 2004. John Lewis Gaddis and Paul Kennedy, "DIALOGUE: Kill the Empire! (Or Not)," in The New York Times Sunday Book Review, 25 July 2004. Michael J. Glennon, "What's Law Got to Do with It?" The Wilson Quarterly, Summer 2002. Julian Go, "American Colonial Empire: The Limit of Power's Reach," Items and Issues (published by the Social Science Research Council), Vol.4, No.6 (Fall/Winter 2003/2004), pp.17-23. John Gooch, Chapter 10, "The Weary Titan: Strategy and Policy in Great Britain, 1890-1918," in Williamson Murray, MacGregor Knox, and Alvin Bernstein, The Making of Strategy: Rulers, States, and War (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994), pp.278-306. Herschel I. Grossman [Brown University and Russell Sage Foundation] and Juan Mendoza [State University of New York at Buffalo], "Annexation or Conquest? The Economics of Empire Building," Conference Paper [?], January 2001. Original URL: http://www.russellsage.org/publications/working_papers/grossman_annex.pdf AbstractRichard Haas, “What to do with American Primacy,” Foreign Affairs 78 (Sep/Oct 1999). William Anthony Hay, "Challenges of Empire," Watch on the West (a newsletter of FPRI's Center for the Study of America and the West), Volume 3, Number 5, May 2002. David Healy, "Imperialism," in Alexander DeConde, Richard Dean Burns, and Fredrik Logevall, eds., Encyclopedia of American Foreign Policy, Vol.2, 2nd ed. (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2002), pp.217-224. Zlatica Hoke, "Is the United States an Empire?," VOA News, Washington, DC, 24 Apr 2003. Art Hoppe, "The Mightiest Nation," San Francisco Chronicle, 197?. Michael Ignatieff, "Nation-Building Lite," The New York Times, July 28, 2002. Michael Ignatieff, "The Burden," The New York Times Magazine, 5 January 2003. [See comment by Reihan Salam, below.] David Ignatius, "Head and Heart, Competing in Iraq," The Washington Post, Friday, December 26, 2003; Page A35. Ikenberry, G. John. “America’s Liberal Hegemony.” Current History 98 (January 1999). John Ikenberry, “Getting Hegemony Right,” The National Interest, Spring 2001, pp. 17-24. Inozemtsev, Vladislav L., and Ekaterina Kuznetsova, a review of Emmanuel Todd, Après l’Empire: Essai sur la décomposition du système américain (After the Empire: An Essay on the Breakdown of the American System), Foreign Policy, Winter 2003. Benjamin Isaac, Chapter IX, "Frontier Policy--Grand Strategy?" in The Limits of Empire: The Roman Army in the East (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990), pp.372-418. Josef Joffe, “How America Does It,” Foreign Affairs, Sept./Oct. 1997, pp. 13-27. Chalmers Johnson, "America's Empire of Bases," tomdispatch.com, January 15, 2004. Tony Judt, "Its Own Worst Enemy," review of Nye, The Paradox of American Power, in The New York Review of Books, August 15, 2002. Tony Judt, Book Review
Essay, in The New York Review of Books, 4 NOV 2004. Discusses:
Donald Kagan, Chapter 2, "Athenian Strategy in the Peloponnesian War," in Williamson Murray, MacGregor Knox, and Alvin Bernstein, The Making of Strategy: Rulers, States, and War (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994), pp.24-55. Robert Kagan, “The Benevolent Empire,” Foreign Policy, No. 111 (Summer 1998), pp.24-35. *Robert Kagan, "Cowboy Nation," The New Republic, October 23, 2006. Michiko Kakutani, "A Mighty Global Power and Its Heir Apparent," New York Times, April 18, 2003. Robert D. Kaplan, "Supremacy by Stealth," The Atlantic Monthly, July/August 2003. Bill Keller, "The Sunshine Warrior," New York Times Sunday Magazine, 22 September 2002. This is a word portrait of the Bush administration's reportedly "imperial" theorist, Paul Wolfowitz. Paul Kennedy, "The Perils Of Empire: This Looks Like America's Moment. History Should Give Us Pause," The Washington Post, Sunday, April 20, 2003; Page B01. Henry A. Kissinger, "Revitalization Of Transatlantic Relationship Imperative For Global Institutions To Function Effectively," Tribune Media Services, 13 April 2003. Richard H. Kohn, "The Erosion of Civilian Control of the Military in the United States Today," Naval War College Review, Summer 2002, Vol. LV, No. 3, pp.8-59. Charles Krauthammer, "American Unilateralism," 'Churchill Dinner' speech to Hillsdale College, 4 December 2002. Charles Krauthammer, "An American Foreign Policy for a Unipolar World," 2004 Irving Kristol Lecture, AEI Annual Dinner (Washington), February 10, 2004. Paul Krugman, "White Man's Burden," New York Times, September 24, 2002. Charles A. Kupchan, The Atlantic Monthly; "The End of the West," Volume 290, No. 4 (November 2002), pp42-44. Stanley Kurtz, "The Future of `History,'” Policy Review OnLine, Number 113 (June & July 2002). Deepak Lal, "In Defense of Empires," AEI Henry Wendt Lecture (Washington), October 30, 2002. Christopher Layne, “Rethinking American Grand Strategy: Hegemony or Balance of Power in the Twenty-first Century,” World Policy Journal 15 (Summer 1998), pp.8-28. [ExecSum: In "Rethinking American Grand Strategy," Christopher Layne, who teaches international politics and military strategy at the Naval Postgraduate School, argues that although American hegemony may be sustainable for perhaps another decade, it cannot be maintained much beyond that period. "Over time, the costs and risks of the current strategy of preponderance will rise to unacceptably high levels. The time to think about alternative grand strategic futures is now—before the United States is overtaken by events." Layne elucidates an "offshore balancing grand strategy," the overriding objectives of which would be to insulate the United States from possible future great power wars and maximize its relative power position in the international system.] Robert J. Lieber, "Rethinking America's Grand Strategy," The Chronicle of Higher Education, June 4, 2004, Section: The Chronicle Review, Vol. 50, Issue 39, Page B6. Original URL: http://chronicle.com/temp/email.php?id=umvdc47kqr1k9b7ckobrso0ju3h4ok9i. Anatol Lieven, "The World is Still Made out of Nations," Financial Times (London), December 19, 2002. Michael Lind, "Is America the New Roman Empire?" in The Globalist, June 19, 2002. Michael Lind, "Toward a Global Society of States." The Wilson Quarterly, Summer 2002. Jeffrey F. Liss, "More
to This Card Than Season's Greetings," The Washington Post,
28 DEC 03. Robert S. Litwak, "The Imperial Republic after 9/11." The Wilson Quarterly, Summer 2002. Jim Lobe, "Pax Americana All Over Again?" Imagen: La Vox Latina, 1/1/02. Margaret MacMillan, "'Empire': Queen Victoria's Secret" [A review of Niall Ferguson, Empire: The Rise and Demise of the British World Order and the Lessons for Global Power (Basic Books, 2003)], The New York Times, April 20, 2003. Charles S. Maier, "An American Empire? The problems of frontiers and peace in twenty-first-century world politics," Harvard Magazine, Volume 105, Number 2 (November-December 2002), p.28. Joshua Micah Marshall, "Power Rangers: Did the Bush Administration create a new American empire—or weaken the old one?," The New Yorker, 2 February 2004. Michael J. Mazarr, "Saved from Ourselves?" in What Does the World Want from America? edited by Alexander T.J. Lennon (forthcoming from MIT Press, November 2002), p. 167; first published in The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 25, No. 2 (Spring 2002). Walter Russell Mead, short but amusing review of Mark Hertsgaard, The Eagle's Shadow: Why America Fascinates and Infuriates the World (New York: Farrar, 2002), Foreign Affairs, January/February 2003. Walter Russell Mead, “America’s Sticky Power,” Foreign Policy, March/April 2004, issue 141, pp. 46-53. Daniel Mendelsohn, "Theatres of War: Why the battles over ancient Athens still rage," The New Yorker, 12 January 2004. Dan Morgan, "A Debate Over U.S. 'Empire' Builds in Unexpected Circles," TheWashington Post, Sunday, August 10, 2003; Page A03. Hans J. Morgenthau, Chapter 5, "The Struggle for Power: Imperialism," in Politics Among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace, 6th ed., revised by Kenneth W. Thompson (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1985), pp.58-85. Williamson Murray, Chapter 13, "The Collapse of Empire: British Strategy, 1919-1945," in Williamson Murray, MacGregor Knox, and Alvin Bernstein, The Making of Strategy: Rulers, States, and War (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994), pp.24-55. Joseph Nye, "Lessons in Imperialism," Financial Times, June 17, 2002. Joseph S. Nye, "Ill-Suited for Empire,"The Washington Post, Sunday, May 25, 2003; Page B07. Ralph Peters/Fredric Smoler, "The Shah Always Falls: An Interview With Ralph Peters," American Heritage, February/March 2003, Volume 54, Number 1. Clyde Prestowitz, "Why Don't We Listen Anymore?" The Washington Post, Sunday, July 7, 2002; Page B01. Corey Robin, "Grand Designs," Washington Post, Sunday, May 2, 2004; Page B01. [American conservatives and American empire.] Stephen Peter Rosen, "The Future of War and the American Military," The Harvard Magazine, May-June 2002, Volume 104, Number 5, page 29. Stephen P. Rosen, “An Empire, If You Can Keep It,” The National Interest, Issue 71 (Spring 2003), pp. 51-61. Emma Rothschild, "Real, Pretended or Imaginary Dangers," The New York Review of Books, Volume 51, Number 5 · March 25, 2004. *Claes Ryn, "The Ideology of American Empire," Orbis, Summer 2003. Emmanuelle Saada, "The History of Lessons: Power and Rule in Imperial Formations, " Items and Issues (published by the Social Science Research Council), Vol.4, No.6 (Fall/Winter 2003/2004), pp.10-17. Reihan Salam, "Imperial Musings: Michael Ignatieff misses the debate." National Review On-Line, January 16, 2003, 9:45 a.m. Dimitri K. Simes, "America's Imperial Dilemma," Foreign Affairs, November/December 2003. Jack Snyder, “Imperial Temptations,” The National Interest, Issue 71 (Spring 2003), pp. 29-40. Der Spiegel [Ralf Beste, Winfried Didzoleit, Hans Hoyng, Olaf Ihlau, Uwe Klußmann, Dirk Koch, Romain Leick, Andreas Lorenz, Gerhard Spörl], "The Masters of the World: The World Order of the Superpower," New York Times, April 21, 2003. StratFor.com, "The American Empire." http://www.stratfor.biz/lStory.neo. Jay Tolson, "The new American empire? Americans have an enduring aversion to planting the flag on foreign soil. Is that attitude changing?" U.S. News & World Report, 13 JAN 2003. Brian Urquhart, book review essay "World Order & Mr. Bush," The New York Times Review of Books, Vol.50, No.15 (October 9, 2003) Martin Walker, "What Kind of Empire?" The Wilson Quarterly, Summer 2002. Stephen Walt, "American Primacy: Its Prospects and Pitfalls," Naval War College Review, vol LV, no. 2: 9-28. Washington Post, "The Weight of American Empire," The Washington Post, Sunday, October 6, 2002; Page B01. Essays by: John Keegan, "RESOLVE: The Right Response for Our Times."Donald R Wolfensberger, "The return of the imperial presidency?" The Wilson Quarterly, Spring 2002, pp.36-41. Wilson Quarterly, editors of. "An American Empire?" The Wilson Quarterly, Summer 2002, pp.35-69. Essays by: Martin Walker, "What Kind of Empire?" The Wilson Quarterly, Summer 2002. Fareed Zakaria, "The Arrogant Empire: America’s unprecedented power scares the world, and the Bush administration has only made it worse. How we got here—and what we can do about it now." Newsweek, 24 March 2003.
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